1. 在外部调用 unittest 的 assert：

• 如下：

  from unittest import TestCase
  assertObj=TestCase()
  
  assertObj.assertEqual(a, b) # a == b
  assertObj.assertNotEqual(a, b) # a != b
  assertObj.assertTrue(x) # bool(x) is True
  assertObj.assertFalse(x) # bool(x) is False
  assertObj.assertIs(a, b) # a is b
  assertObj.assertIsNot(a, b) # a is not b
  assertObj.assertIsNone(x) # x is None
  assertObj.assertIsNotNone(x) # x is not None
  assertObj.assertIn(a, b) # a in b
  assertObj.assertNotIn(a, b) # a not in b
  assertObj.assertIsInstance(a, b) # isinstance(a, b)
  assertObj.assertNotIsInstance(a, b) # not isinstance(a, b)
  assertObj.assertAlmostEqual(a, b) # round(a-b, 7) == 0
  assertObj.assertNotAlmostEqual(a, b) # round(a-b, 7) != 0
  assertObj.assertGreater(a, b) # a > b
  assertObj.assertGreaterEqual(a, b) # a >= b
  assertObj.assertLess(a, b) # a < b
  assertObj.assertLessEqual(a, b) # a <= b
  assertObj.assertRegexpMatches(s, re) # regex.search(s)
  assertObj.assertNotRegexpMatches(s, re) # not regex.search(s)
  assertObj.assertItemsEqual(a, b) # sorted(a) == sorted(b) and works with unhashable objs
  assertObj.assertDictContainsSubset(a, b) # all the key/value pairs in a exist in b
  assertObj.assertMultiLineEqual(a, b) # strings
  assertObj.assertSequenceEqual(a, b) # sequences
  assertObj.assertListEqual(a, b) # lists
  assertObj.assertTupleEqual(a, b) # tuples
  assertObj.assertSetEqual(a, b) # sets or frozensets
  assertObj.assertDictEqual(a, b) # dicts
  assertObj.assertMultiLineEqual(a, b) # strings
  assertObj.assertSequenceEqual(a, b) # sequences
  assertObj.assertListEqual(a, b) # lists
  assertObj.assertTupleEqual(a, b) # tuples
  assertObj.assertSetEqual(a, b) # sets or frozensets